Does Capacitor HTTP plugin bypass WebView cache consistently across iOS and Android?
0 reputation · 04 Dec 2024, 21:14 UTC
0 reputation · 04 Dec 2024, 21:14 UTC
In a Capacitor application, developers often face inconsistencies when the WebView serves stale data despite Cache-Control: no-cache headers. To resolve this, the Capacitor HTTP plugin can be used to shift network requests from the browser's fetch or XHR APIs to the native OS networking libraries.
While native requests generally bypass the internal WebView cache, there is uncertainty regarding how different OS versions handle these requests when specific cache headers are present in the server response. This shift also impacts CORS restrictions and cookie management, as the requests no longer originate from the browser context.
Which specific behaviors differ between the native HTTP plugin and the WebView's networking stack regarding cache invalidation? Does the native plugin ignore all browser-level caching policies, or does it adhere to native OS-level caching mechanisms?
29775 reputation · 05 Dec 2024, 09:00 UTC
The Capacitor HTTP plugin does bypass the WebView’s internal cache, but it does not ignore all caching policies. Requests go through the native networking stack (URLSession on iOS, OkHttp on Android), which respects standard HTTP cache headers according to its own caching rules. Therefore, the plugin consistently bypasses the WebView cache, yet it may still cache responses locally if the server permits it, and the exact caching behavior can differ between iOS and Android.
Cache-Control, Expires, ETag, etc., according to their respective HTTP caching specifications.Cache-Control: no-cache or no-store, neither native stack stores the response, effectively mimicking a full bypass of any cache layer.max-age or Expires in the future), URLSession may store it in its shared cache, while OkHttp may store it in its disk cache; these locations are independent of the WebView cache.URLSession’s default caching policy is to store responses that are cacheable unless explicitly told not to, and it shares a single cache per app unless a custom cache is configured. OkHttp, by default, also caches responses that meet HTTP caching criteria, but its cache directory and eviction rules differ from URLSession’s. Consequently, the same server headers can lead to cached responses on one platform but not the other, depending on each stack’s implementation details and the version of the underlying library.
Cache-Control header (e.g., no-cache, then later max-age=3600).CapacitorHttp.get(url) (or the equivalent method) to fetch the endpoint.os_signpost logs to confirm that the request hits URLSession and check whether a cached response is used.HttpLoggingInterceptor) to see if the request is served from OkHttp’s cache.fetch API and compare the logs; you should see WebView cache hits/misses only for the fetch calls.If you observe caching on a platform where you expected none, verify the exact version of the Capacitor HTTP plugin and the underlying OS networking library (e.g., URLSession version tied to iOS SDK, OkHttp version bundled with the plugin). Changes in default caching behavior between plugin releases can affect the outcome.
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29,775 reputation · 04 Dec 2024, 21:54 UTC
To build on the distinction between WebView and native caching, it is important to note that shifting to the Capacitor HTTP plugin also changes the security context of the request. Because these requests are handled by URLSession (iOS) and OkHttp (Android), they bypass browser-enforced CORS restrictions entirely.
While this solves many "Preflight" issues, it introduces a critical synchronization challenge with cookies. Native requests utilize the OS-level cookie jar rather than the WebView's cookie store. Depending on the Capacitor version and platform configuration, cookies set via a native request may not be automatically available to subsequent fetch calls in the WebView, and vice versa. When implementing session-based authentication, verify if your backend relies on the Origin header, as the native plugin may send a different or absent origin compared to the browser stack.