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OpenCV returns an empty cv::Mat instead of throwing when loads or transforms fail. This guide orders the checks — path, camera warmup, ROI bounds, channel mismatches — so the failing stage identifies itself.
OpenCV's imread() fails silently by returning an empty cv::Mat, so crashes appear far from the real fault. This diagnostic guide maps symptoms to causes — paths, codecs, ROIs, color conversions — with ordered checks and fixes.
The integration goal is to define clear ownership and release timing for cv::Mat objects that cross from OpenCV C++ core into the Python cv2 binding. The C++ core uses reference-counted cv::Mat with shallow copy semantics. The Python binding wraps a Mat in a capsule with a custom deallocator that decrements the C++ refcount when the Python object is finalize
opencv