Solidity's immutable keyword eliminates constructor storage writes and turns reads into cheap immediate loads. This post shows a fee-collector example, measures ~45k gas saved on deployment, and outlines when immutability is the wrong choice.
Vyper’s checked arithmetic and explicit reentrancy lock reduce common smart‑contract bugs. A minimal vault example shows how default safety can replace Solidity’s opt‑in libraries.
Clarity post-conditions are mandatory safety rails that constrain which asset movements a contract may perform. This guide shows how to declare them, a worked STX-token swap example, common mistakes, and how to verify enforcement on Stacks.
Reentrancy attacks can drain a contract’s funds. The Checks‑Effects‑Interactions (CEI) pattern is a tried‑and‑true way to stop them. This post walks through a concrete withdraw example, shows how CEI works, and explains its limits and when to add a mutex.
Learn how to use Hardhat Ignition to replace fragile deployment scripts with a declarative, state-tracked system that prevents redundant transactions and manages contract dependencies.
The web3.eth.Contract class turns raw JSON-RPC encoding into typed method calls — but only if you understand the call() vs send() split, gas estimation limits, and 1.x vs 4.x differences.
Learn how to spot missing or misapplied @nonreentrant decorators in Vyper contracts, diagnose the root cause, apply fixes, and know when to seek an audit.
Immutable variables in Vyper let you set a value once at deployment, reduce storage gas, and enable compiler inlining. This guide explains when to use them, their trade‑offs, and a step‑by‑step validation workflow.