Web3.js v4 cuts bundle size by 80% and adds first-class TypeScript, but three silent breaking changes — missing @web3js/contract, BigInt block numbers, and removed batch requests — cause runtime failures TypeScript won't catch. The migration checklist that prevents production bugs.
Hardhat mainnet forking lets you run integration tests against real deployed contracts and balances locally. Learn the setup, a worked impersonation example, and the RPC trade-offs.
Learn when to poll for Ethereum transaction receipts and when to use web3.js subscriptions, with a worked ERC‑20 transfer example and practical trade‑offs.
Learn how Vyper’s @external constant decorator moves immutable calculations to deployment time, letting you call functions off‑chain for free and cut gas costs in Ethereum smart contracts.
When a Hardhat fork doesn’t reflect mainnet data, transactions revert or gas estimates skew, the problem often lies in the fork configuration. This guide walks through symptoms, causes, and step‑by‑step checks to restore a consistent forked state.
Deploying to Polygon's PoS chain can cut transaction costs dramatically, but it's a sidechain, not a rollup. Here's how to evaluate, test, and integrate it honestly.
Vyper's @nonreentrant decorator turns reentrancy from a code-review convention into a compiler-enforced guarantee. Here's how it works, a vault example, and where it falls short.
Learn how Vyper implements native overflow protection and bounds checking to prevent common smart contract vulnerabilities without needing external libraries.
Vyper makes overflow and underflow protection mandatory — no opt-out, no annotations. Here's what that costs in gas, what it buys in auditability, and when the trade-off matters.