What are the performance implications of using offset-based pagination with large result sets in Hibernate when combined with join fetch?
When retrieving large datasets with Hibernate, developers often rely on setFirstResult() and setMaxResults() for offset‑based pagination. This approach translates to LIMIT/OFFSET in most dialects, but the database must scan and discard preceding rows, which can degrade performance as the offset grows. Combining offset pagination with eager join fetches adds