Scoped storage in Android 13 external media access transitions

Android 13 (API level 33) enforces stricter boundaries for apps accessing external media, moving away from direct file path access. While legacy apps targeting older versions might benefit from broader access, modern apps targeting API 33 must utilize the MediaStore API or specific URI-based permissions.

A primary challenge arises when apps attempt to rely on direct file paths for media files outside their app-specific directories. Even with MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE considered, it is restricted to specific file manager categories and is discouraged for general third-party applications. This forces a shift toward handling Content URIs and managing temporary URI permissions across process restarts.

How does the behavior of temporary URI permissions change when an app targets API 33 compared to API 32? Are there specific edge cases where maintaining access to a user-selected file fails despite using FLAG_GRANT_URI_PERMISSION?