Redux 5.x synchronous require() fails in legacy bundlers and Node.js < 14.13

Direct Resolution

The viable workaround is to use dynamic `import()` statements instead of synchronous `require()` calls wherever Redux is initially loaded.

The Redux team has not provided a true synchronous CommonJS build or a dual-package distribution for Redux 5.x; the ESM structure with dynamic import reliance is the established behavior.

Confirmed Facts

• Redux 5.x uses a pure ESM package structure with conditional exports.
• The CJS wrapper relies on `dynamic import()`, which fails synchronously in environments lacking top-level await or modern async module resolution (e.g., Node.js < 14.13, Webpack 4).
• The long-term, supported strategy is upgrading the runtime (Node.js) or the tooling (bundler/test runner).

Steps for Mitigation

1. Refactor all synchronous `require('redux')` calls to use `import('redux').then(module => { /* use module */ })`.
2. For testing environments (e.g., Jest), ensure the transformer supports modern ESM resolution or configure Jest to use a compatible Node environment.
3. In monorepos, strictly pin the Redux version within the specific package that requires it, rather than relying solely on hoisted versions, to manage consumer-specific tooling constraints.

Diagnostic Detail Needed

To refine the recommendation, please confirm the exact version of the bundler (e.g., Webpack 4.x minor version) and the specific Node.js runtime version being used in the failing environment.