Programmatic vs Declarative Hibernate Transaction Management for Repeatable Development

Programmatic vs Declarative Hibernate Transaction Management for Repeatable Development

Goal: Establish a repeatable development environment where Hibernate sessions and transactions behave predictably across repeated executions.

Constraints require deterministic session lifecycle, avoidance of resource leaks, and a choice between explicit beginTransaction()/commit()/rollback() calls and declarative transaction annotations. Uncertainty remains about which approach ensures reliable session termination and lazy loading behavior under repeated runs.

Questions: Does programmatic transaction control guarantee the Session is closed in a finally block? Does declarative annotation reliably close the Session and prevent LazyInitializationException on repeated runs?